Firebird's GPU and power figures for Armenia and Kazakhstan differ across releases

Firebird, the US-based AI infrastructure company building flagship sites in Armenia and Kazakhstan, has published GPU and power figures that vary from one announcement to the next, and some differ from those given by the Kazakh government. The releases reviewed do not define the terms or explain the changes. This note sets out what each says, with the arithmetic where figures can be added.

Armenia

On 10 February Firebird announced Phase Two of its Armenian project, an additional 41,000 NVIDIA GB300 GPUs and a $4 billion total, against a $500 million first phase. On 5 June it said the first phase would operate more than 6,000 Blackwell GPUs with a total power capacity of 18 megawatts and that a three-phase plan would scale beyond 100,000 GPUs by the end of 2027. The 15 June release repeated the 100,000 figure.

The 8 August opening release changed the end-2027 target. It said the Armenian roadmap would scale beyond 70,000 GPUs and expand the platform to 300 megawatts. It also said NVIDIA intends to invest in Firebird, following an earlier investment by CoreWeave, and gave no amount for either.

Firebird's website, retrieved on 17 October, lists three data centres. DC-1 in Armenia has 6,144 NVIDIA B200 GPUs across 15 MW. DC-2, described as the Phase 2 expansion in Armenia, has 75,000 VR200 GPUs across 125 MW. DC-3 is a planned site of 75,000 GPUs across 125 MW. The page gives totals of 150,000 GPUs and 300 MW.

Kazakhstan

The government said on 15 June that a planned $10 billion investment would create a cluster powered by 100,000 GPUs, that 300 MW of power capacity was already available and that the project was designed for phased expansion to 1 GW. It said the launch was planned for 2027, and estimated that the project would generate at least $3 billion in annual export revenue. Firebird's own 15 June release described strategic cooperation agreements and gave no dollar, GPU or megawatt figure for Kazakhstan.

On 8 August Firebird said it had secured 125 megawatts of AI infrastructure capacity at Data Center Valley, with approvals from the Kazakh government and export authorisation from the US Commerce Department's Bureau of Industry and Security. On 6 October the government again said a $10 billion package of agreements had been signed with Firebird AI and that Data Center Valley would have a capacity of at least 1 GW. Capacity reported that the first phase is a 125 MW facility valued at around $5 billion. The Times of Central Asia reported that an initial agreement between Kazakhtelecom, KT-Telecom and Firebird AI KZ on 2 October had an undisclosed amount.

Reading the numbers

By Corridor Signal's arithmetic, the three data centres on Firebird's site add up to 265 MW and 156,144 GPUs, against stated totals of 300 MW and 150,000. The page does not say where DC-3 would be. Its 125 MW matches the capacity Firebird says it has secured in Kazakhstan, but the page does not make that link. Phase 1 power is 15 MW on the website and 18 MW in the June release.

Several differences may reflect definitions rather than changes of plan: power available to a site, power allocated to a customer and IT load are different measures, and a GPU target for one country can differ from a platform-wide target. Firebird's global target is also given two ways, 2.5 GW worldwide by 2028 on the website and 2 GW by year end 2028 in the 8 August release. None of the documents reviewed reconciles them.

Two points remain open: which figures are commitments and which are ceilings, and whether the 125 MW DC-3 entry refers to the Kazakh site.